HISTORY OF ICE CREAM

      Do you know that ice cream whose consumption increase quickly with the coming of hot summer days is now 3.000 years old? Although it is thought that Chinese were the first race who met ice cream, heroes of the story of the first ice cream was Romans.

   Roman emperor, Neron, is widely known with his bellicosity also his gluttonous. While he was watching gladiator’s fights, he rewarded his chefs who served delicious meals to emperor. One day, one of the chefs filled the snow which he collected from a peak of mountain with compress in a container. He served it to emperor by pour honey and small fruits on it. Neron liked very much it which he had not tasted before. The other day he sent his soldiers to collect snow. He made chefs prepare the first ice cream by pouring honey and small fruits. These  method which come from Romans is still used by people who live in Anatolia, but they use it with one difference, they try to gain unique taste with molasses not honey.

  Homeland of the ice and cold beverages is always East countries. Those who lived in Anatolia, Arabians and Iranians drank ice sugary waters which called “şerbet” or drank ice fruit juices.  Western people, who met culture of the East, discovered flavors which were unique in East. Ice cream descriptions, which Marka Polo brought from China, gave a new sight to Italian chefs. They developed different ice creams on their own. Chefs who were exiled to France palace by Catherine of Florentine who was married to France king Henry II, taught to their France counterparts how to make ice cream. Ice cream coming to Europe in the seventeen century was famous in a short time.

    It is known that there were almost 250 ice cream shops in Paris. At 1851 Jacob Fussel began to make ice cream and buy in U.S.A.  In Italy there is a unique kind ice cream which is prepared with different ingredients: Semi- freddo. This famous ice cream is prepared by adding creamy biscuit before it is frozen. At old times ice cream was made in containers which were covered by salt and ice. After 1900, with the advent of refrigerator ice cream spread to all over world.  The cornet which gives a chick taste first appeared in World Exhibition which held on Missouri Louis at 1904.

  Ice cream in Turkey was prepared in special ice cream shops or by street ice cream sellers in the past.  Hand-churned ice cream became famous with a name called “Maraş ice cream”. Boiled milk intensified by adding salep is made cool by mixing. Combination whose environment is covered with ice layer is made frozen by beating. With this way ice cream become a dessert which stretch like gum and does not melt easily.

                                                    THE LOGOS

    Today i want to explain history of the logos. I find that they are interesting.They have got suprising histories. I hope you will enjoy this essay J

APPLE :

When he was a child,Steve Jobs who,came from a poor family, had one apple for his lunch in the school.While his friends had a variety of meals,cookies and cakes,he had just one apple.Not only made this situation him upset but also it made him embarressed in front of his friends.Steve graduated from school and years have gone.Both the name of the computer brand which was founded in the town of Cupertino, California and is one the most famous brand among the firms and the logo of the computer brand are an apple.His childhood which passed with poverty inspired “an apple” to Steve Jobs.

ADİDAS-PUMA : 

The year was at the beginning of 1940s. Before The Second World War, two brothers opened a workshop to make and sell shoes.Adolph and Rudolph Dassler started this work together and they went on together for a while. After the war,Adolph said to his brother that he did not want to work with him anymore and he would open a new workshop. Rudolph was surprised and he said that it was nonsense.He claimed that they would be rival against each other and this made them go bankrupt. Adolph did not care about this warning and he opened his own workshop. After a period of time,they were strongly competing with each other. The name of Adolp Dassler’s workshop is ADIDAS. The company name was taken from its founder Adolph Dassler whose first name was shortened to the nickname “ADI”. Together with the first three letters of his surname it formed ADIDAS  and the name of Rudolph Dassler’s workshop is PUMA.

MERCEDES-BENZ :

Carl Benz produced a car and he searched a name for his new product. Then it occured to him an idea. He gave the name of his only daughter,Mercedes-Benz,to new car.Its star with three legs represent the powers of ground,water and atmosphere.

COCA-COLA :

 Dr.partner who invented Coca-Cola and his partner thought that two C letter would be suitable and wonderful and he designed the logo of Coca-Cola with his handwriting. Coca-Cola means delicious and fresh.

NIKE : 

 Jeff Johnson,who was one of the workers of NIKE,had a dream about Greek God,NIKE. While his boss was thinking of using “dimension 6” for his product,this dream changed the name of brand. With this way,famous sport store took the name of NIKE.

                 THE COLOURS

   When somebody ask me what the colour is,we can say that the colour is a perception which occur with reaching of the different wavelength of light to retina.Is this explanation enough to express the colours? Are the colours a perception? Think about,do you feel more relaxing and vigorous between dark walls or in a red room?

   That is right.The colours reflect people’s modes and affect them.Not only affect the colours modes,but also they affect healt and energy,so the colours have been used as a supportive cure for years.For example,green,which is a relaxing and peaceful colour,is advised to  people who have hearth disease and phthisis.Effects of the colours on people are used for health,shopping,psychology,production e.t.  It is important to choose a colour because of their effects on people when we choose clothes or we dye our houses.For example, our bedroom can be pink or our dinnerrroom can be green.Additionaly,it will be more suitable to wear a dark blue and blue when we are going a job meeting.

   The colours are divided as a hot and cold colours.Main hot colours are red,orange and yellow.Main cold colours are green,blue,purple.The colours have meanings and they are known nearly same all over the world,but people from different countries have a different meaning about the same colours. What are the meanings of the colours? What colour does it mean?

Meanings of The colours

White     : It represent innocence and stability

Black       : It represent power,ambition,sorrow

Blue        : It represent freedom and eternity

Green     : It is the colour of nature and tranquility

Red          : It represent mettle,determination ve perseverence and it is a colour of brightness and dynamism

Yellow     : It is the most bright colour and it represent  ambition,intelligence and  gumption

Purple     : It is the colour of  luxury,nobleness and esteem

Pink         : It represent joy,trust and easiness

Orange   : It represent being out-going and trust

Dark Blue  : It represent eternity,authority and fertility

Brown    : It is the colour of the land and nature

Grey       : It represent dignity and balance

Effects of The Colours

White     : It makes people sad and it gives sense of purity,trust and cleanliness

Black       : It promotes concentration and self-confidence

Blue        :  It gives sense of freedom and makes people calm

Green     : It gives peace and makes people relaxed

Red          :  It promotes blood pressure and blood flow and it whets people’s appetite

Yellow     : It gives excitement and brightness.It is remarkable

Purple     : It negatively affects subconscious

Pink         : It gives joyness,easiness and trust

Orange   :  It whet people’s appetite and it makes people less tired

Dark Blue: It gives seriousness and it promotes concentration

Brown    : It gives trust and easiness in the society

Grey       : It is mediator,but when it is used intensely,it can be boring

   Finally,psychological effects of the colours are related to senses which the colours create on people. Every colour has a different effect on people. While some colours make people calm,some colours make people excited or while some colours promote self-confidence,some colours promote self-conscious.Effects of the closely related colours resemble one another.For example,while the hot colours promote sense of hot, the cold colours promote sense of the coldness.

   In this essay,i explained the colours,their meanings and effects.I do not know why i wanted to explain colours.When i was sitting,it occured to me suddenly.Actually i wondered their meanings and with this way,i learned.

   I hope you will like my essay and get enjoy from it J

MANY NEW FILMS AND TWO CHOICES

   Everyday we see a lot of movie trailers.While some of them are emotional,romantic,some of them are epic,comedy films.We want to watch all of them.To watch them,we have two choices.We can go to the cinema or we can watch them at home.Although both of them are enjoyable,there are differences and similarities between watching them at home and at the cinema.

   Firstly,watching at home and watching at the cinema differ in comfort.When you are at the cinema,you watch a film with a lot of people.You can not speak loudly because people may get angry.Apart from this condition,you don’t feel comfortable because of sitting on the  armchair because you can not move freely.When you are at home,you can move as you want.For example,you can speak loudly,you do not have to whisper or you can watch a film with your pijama.And if you want,you can watch a film with your friends or alone.

   Secondly,there are differences between watching at home and watching at the cinema in terms of technical conditions.When you are at the cinema,you can watch the film on the big screen with full sound efects. You can feel the atmosphere of the film when you are at the cinema.When it comes to watching a film at home,you  just watch it in usual ways like small screen and normal sound efects.

   Finally,although there are differences between watching at home and watching at the cinema,they can be similar in terms of comprehension.When you are watching at home,although you may have some technical problems, you can understand theme of the film.Or they can be similar in terms of flexibility.When you are at the cinema or at home,you can eat and drink something.It depends on you.You can have a break,then you can go on the film.

   To sum up,watching at home and watching the at cinema are relaxing and enjoyable despite their differences and similarities.Although they differ in comfort and technical conditions,watching at home and at the cinema are similar in terms of comprehension  or flexibility.If you ask me,watching film at the cinema is unique.Because you gain a different experience and it makes you feel excited.

HOME OR DORMİTORY?

   In the past,there weren’t enough dormitories for college students or there weren’t available houses which were near college.Because of this situation, they couldn’t make their own decision.Now,there are available dormitories and houses for them.When they start college,they have a choice-they can stay at dormitory or at home.Both of them have a few similarities,but their differences are much more than their similarities.

   Firstly,staying at home or staying at dormitory differ in  tranportation. Students who stay at dormitory haven’t got a problem like catching bus  or waking up early,but students  staying at home must wake up early and they must catch bus because of staying far away from college.

   Secondly,both of them differ in doing housework.When students stay at dormitory,they are not supposed to clean their room or prepare meal. These tasks are done by maids of the dormitory.But,at home,students must cook, clean home,pay the bills.

   Thirdly,there is emotional difference between staying at home or staying at dormitory. Students staying at dormitory can miss their parents, houses, mothers’ meals.Those who live with their family haven’t got this problem. They can see their parents all time,they can eat homemade food.

   Additionaly,both of them are different from each other from the point of university life.Students living at dormitory can get much pleasure from college’s life,resources.They can meet new friends at college or dormitory. But, the friends of students living at home are limited to their classmates. They come college,learn something and go home,so they can not discover college very well.

   Finally,both of them,staying at home or dormitory,are similar in some tasks and necessities. For example,students staying at both of them are supposed to do laundry,they are supposed to stay with one or more people or they are supposed to pay certain amount of money.

   To sum up,both of them have similarities in terms of tasks and necessities and both of them have differences in term of transportation, housework, emotional statement,university life.In my opinion,staying at dormitory is better for a college student  in all aspects.

                                          THE LIGHTHOUSE OF ALEXANDRIA

     The lighthouse of Alexandria is the unique one which was used really and wasn’t built for gorgeousness or fame.The lighthouse built on the Island Pharos which was across the Harbour Alexandria means for the sailors returning to home safe and sound,the world’s tallest structure for architects,for scientists mysterious mirror which could carry the light further than 70 km.

      After Alexander the Great died,Egypt’s dominance passed to Ptolemy Batlamyus Soter,the commander of Alexander the Great.The state called Batlamyus had a close relationship with the Greeks and they did maritime trade,so it was necessity to build ligthouse.The lighthouse was built on the Island Pharos between B.C 285-246 with the aim of directing the sailors along dangerous coastline.The lighthouse which was on the east side of the city was approximately 166 m. Not only it was the highest lighthouse among World Wonders, but also it wasthe highest lighthouse ever made in the world. It was sustained by Greek trader,Sostratus who wanted to provide safe environment for sailing.The most mysterious feature of it is bronze mirrors which was designed to reflect the sunshine to sea during the day.At night,fires was burned.With this way,shine reflected by mirrors was seen from distance of 50 km.The structure resisted earthquakes,but finally it was ruined by natural events.The lighthouse was called  Pharos because of being on the Island Pharos,so lighthouses are called Pharos in Spanish,French,Italian.

                                                                     GLADIATOR

   Today,i will give information about meaning of gladiator and epic film,Gladiator.I chose this topic because Gladiator is the my favourite film.Actually,it  is the best film i have ever watched.Whenever i watch,i am really fascinated.If  you watch it,maybe you will feel like me.

   Firstly,i want to start with information about gladitors.The meaning of gladiator is expert of sword in Latin.In era of the Roman Empire,it was the name which was given to Professional fighters.These fighters were mostly slaves or guilty people.They fought in the celebrations for  the sake of god.They had to fought till death.When one gladiator was injured,his life depended on the decision of his emperor.When emperor turned his thumb down,it meant “death” or when he turned his thumb up,it meant “life”.If we associate them with modern day,they are workers who are under control of the employer.

   Secondly,Gladiator is a epic movie directed by Ridley Scott, starring Russell Crowe, Joaquin Phoenix.Russel Crowe played the role of Maximus who is a General of the Roman army.Joaquin Phoenix played the role of Commodus who is son of the Roman Emperor.The movie is about taking revenge.After 180 B.C,The Roman Emperor,Marcus,tell his son that after his death,General Maximus would be a new emperor of Roma.When Commodus hear this news,he lost his temper and he kill his father by strangling.Then,he command his soldiers that General Maximus and his family must be killed.Maximus’s wife and son is killed but he manage to escape from soldiers and he begin fighting as a gladiator.After years,when he come back to Roma,he has just one aim-taking his family’s revenge by killing new emperor,Commodus.